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健康中心 - 本站消息 | 2019-05-07 | 點閱數: 484

兒童健康體位行為守則

追求健康體位是一輩子的事,均衡飲食與足夠的身體活動、運動嗜好,都應該要落實在日常生活中而成為長久的習慣,以下提供孩子維持健康體位的小守則,也列出家長們的參考建議,唯有從環境、習慣的改造著手,才能使「健康」成為孩子最大的資產!遵守「健康體位行為守則‧培養 4321 好習慣」(4 飲食、 3 生活、 2 運動、 1 睡眠),便可改善學童肥胖之問題。

4種飲食技巧

※每天吃五份以上蔬菜和水果每天攝取 3 份蔬菜、 2 份水果-蔬菜水果含有大量人體所需的維生素及礦物質,且含有可溶及不可溶性纖維,可使腸道中的食物增大變軟,促進腸道蠕動,加快排便速度,防止便秘和降低大腸癌的風險。

※減少吃零食次數零食大部份是高脂高糖高熱量,營養素較少,吃多了容易造成孩子肥胖等問題。

※避免喝含糖飲料含糖飲料所含的營養成分少且大多為空熱量,易養成孩子嗜吃甜食的習慣,並造成肥胖的因子。

※讓小孩自我控制飲食,切勿限制師長負責提供健康的飲食,而由孩子自行決定進食份量,以間接幫助發展出更好的飲食習慣,強迫的管教方式易造成兒童對食物的認知偏差並造成排斥感。
3種生活習慣

※每週至少 5~6 次全家一起吃飯與家人一起用餐,可降低學童以垃圾食物作為正餐,而與全家人共餐次數達五次以上之學童,有較少出現體位異常之情形。

※使用飲食日記,每週記錄 6 天以上的飲食內容填寫飲食日記,可加強學童檢視飲食內容對於飲食之控制有潛移默化的作用。在很多減肥課程中,飲食日記是主要的一個環節。研究顯示,每週堅持六篇以上的減肥日記,可以維持減重 0.5 公斤以上,因此善用我們親愛的飲食日記本,持之以恆,會有不錯的效果!

※小孩房間不放電視小孩房間放電視,會增加看電視之時間及頻率,減少小孩活動時間及活動量。

2項運動守則

※每天至少 30 分鐘中等費力運動或活動。毎天 30 分鐘以上中等費力運動(快走、騎單車、跑步、打球),可增加熱量消耗進而改善學童體位。

※看電視和用電腦時間,每天小於 1~2 小時。看電視和用電腦是許多學童放學回家後的主要休閒活動,導致運動量普遍不足,因此減少看電視與打電腦等靜態活動的時間,增加動態活動,可有效改善學童體位不佳之情形。

1晚好的睡眠

※早睡早起吃早餐。生長激素是人體腦下垂體中分泌的一種賀爾蒙,它與骨骼、肌肉、結締組織和內臟的生長發育有關。睡覺後生長激素開始分泌,一般在晚上 10 時至凌晨 2 時為分泌的高峰期。如果太晚睡,對於正在長身體的兒童來說,身高就會受到影響。另有報告指出,有吃早餐的小孩學業成績比較理想、身體較健康、心境較開朗,可見早餐的重要性。

    改善體位,除了孩子自己的努力外,家人應扮演模範的角色,以身作則,身體力行,並從旁給予孩子信心及支持,耐心陪著孩子,透過正確觀念及行為修正,將有助於孩子改善飲食習慣及維持健康體位。健康飲食從小紮根,替孩子的未來打好基礎! 

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